What are fat soluble vitamins?

Deepan May 27, 2020

Vitamin A :-

Vitamin A is also called as Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic acid. It's requirement is 600 microgram per day. Carotene is pro vitamin of vitamin A. Pure vitamin A is yellow crystalline compound occuring naturally.

Functions :-

Maintains normal vision in dim light

Rhodopsin is formed when retinal combines with opsin . Rhodopsin is required to see in dim lights

Maintenance of healthy epithelium tissue

Tooth develop and proper growth

DEFICIENCY

Night blindness
Growth failure
Eyeball become dry
Photophobia
Secretion of tear decreases
Epithelial change

Hyper vitamin A :-

Nausea, vomiting, loss of hair, thickening of long bones and abdominal pain.

Sources :- liver , egg yolk, oily fish, organ meat, butter , pumpkin, orange fruit

VITAMIN D ( Ergosterol )

It is fat soluble vitamin . The two Important forms are vitamin D 2 and vitamin D 3.

It's requirement is 5 micro gram per day. D 3 is produced when dehydro cholesterol is exposed to UV rays in sun.

Function :-

Regulation of calcium and phosphorus level in blood
Mineralisation of bones and teeth
It regulated growth hormones
Require for bones to make stronger

Deficiency

Rickets
Bone fracture
Osteoporosis

Hyper vitamin D

Loss of appetite
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Growth failure

Sources :- sunlight , fish , liver oil, cheese , Milk product.

VITAMIN E ( tocopherol )

Vitamin E is stable to heat and acid but rapidly oxidizes in Rancid fat . Many claims are made that supplement of this vitamin can prevent or cure varieties of disease from skin problems to reproductive function.

Function

Protection of normal cell membrane
It protects vitamin A and C from oxidation
It protects RBC from harmful materials.
Prevent oxidation of PUFA

Deficiency :- early ageing , anaemia, hemolysis of RBC in premature infants.

VITAMIN K :-

It's requirement is 60- 80 micro gram. It is essential in diet because it is needed for synthesis of prothrombin and blood clotting factors. It exists as k 1 , k 2 and K 3 form. K 1 is found in plant , k 2 is synthesized by bacteria in intestinal tract and k 3 is synthetic form.

Function