1. Temperature :- Micro organism multiplies rapidly between temperature range of 5 to 63 degree Celsius which is also known as temperature danger zone. Outside this range micro organism will will grow very slowly or not at all .
2. Food :- Milk and Meat products are favourite food for Micro organisms so care must be taken on them.
3. Time :- Bacteria multiplies in every 20 minutes . Time is needed for organism to multiply .The Environment should be made unfavorable for growth of Micro organisms.
4. Oxygen :- oxygen is also required for growth of Micro organisms. That's why to preserve food for longer time the air is removed from inside and packed .
5. Water :- without water or moisture food can be preserved for longer time. Micro organism favours moistness for their growth . So dried food can be preserved for longer time
6. pH :- Most Micro organisms favoured Neutral environment i.e pH level of 7 . No Bacteria will grow at pH less than 3.5 in pH range from 1 to 14
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